Have a Political Bumper Sticker? The FBI Might Be Snapping Photos of You (muckrock.com) 192
v3rgEz writes: Tomorrow marks the 35th anniversary of Food Not Bombs, the peace organization that seeks to democratically divert military spending into free food for the needy. But as documents recently obtained by MuckRock show, even such tepid support as a bumper sticker for the outspoken anti-violence organization could land you in FBI files. Read on for yet another example of how the FBI puts war protesters, Juggalos, and animal rights activists in the same category as organized crime and terrorist groups.
The FBI will also track you... (Score:5, Insightful)
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Damn! Too late!
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Well, that's the rub isn't it, you can only be a virgin once, so once they have tracked you, they will track you forever. So why worry, you have just joined the gang, one of countless millions being tracked, monitored, secret warrants ready to execute at the first excuse. When silly shit like this becomes normal, it ceases to be a threat, in fact not being tracked tends to make you look suspicious now ;D.
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No, that is the NSA. The FBI is only hooked into the phone system, and email.
I just assume we're on the same list here as we're already on for having visited the Linux Journal website.
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if you read the story or comment on it!
Warning people that actions get them tracked, will get you tracked.
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There are other reasons not to be too overt with your political opinions. I have a sister, living in Texas, who has at least a dozen lefty stickers on her car, and it has been vandalized multiple times.
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There are other reasons not to be too overt with your political opinions. I have a sister, living in Texas, who has at least a dozen lefty stickers on her car, and it has been vandalized multiple times.
Whaddya expect? We're talking about Texas, afterall.
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... loud self-righteous assholes .. . I'm not saying that your sister necessarily fits into that category ...
She fits.
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One more successful data point for the "infallible crazy test":
* For every sticker on a car (that's not a parking sticker), add 1 point
* For every place the words "Ron" or "Paul" appear, add 2 points (each)
Results:
0 - So sane you're boring
1 - Normal colorful individual
2 - Borderline nuts, probably safe but keep away from sharp objects just in case
3+ Should be institutionalized for the safety of themselves and others
Here's a study that proves you right (Score:5, Interesting)
I remember reading about this study this years ago, it shows that people with more bumper stickers are more likely to be involved in road rage incidents. The theory is, people who personalize their vehicle tend to view the vehicle as their own private space, even when on the public roads. Because they are in their own private space, they literally do feel that they own the road.
http://www.nature.com/news/200... [nature.com]
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What actually happens is that Samuel L Jackson shows up to defuse the situation and nobody gets hurt.
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Really, at this point, who ISN'T in a file at the F.B.I.? The warped mission, or mission creep, that now tries to document everything and police everyone is making it that anything will earn you a folder in a filing cabinet somewhere. I have constantly spoken out against abuse of power and don't condone any of the unjustified, unnecessary surveillance and this little bit of news is no surprise given the "law enforcement" landscape.
But it's the F.B.I.'s or other agencies' problem if they want to waste time t
Re:The FBI will also track you... (Score:5, Insightful)
COINTELPRO, look it up.
Just realize that the managers at all these agencies don't work for the American people. The American people didn't give their okay to be spied upon. Cabinet members and agency directors answer to the people who handle their next lucrative assignment.
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COINTELPRO, look it up.
Just realize that the managers at all these agencies don't work for the American people. The American people didn't give their okay to be spied upon. Cabinet members and agency directors answer to the people who handle their next lucrative assignment.
And of course, The damned USAPATRIOTACT (look it up) undid all the privacy protections that were instituted following the COINTELPRO blowup.
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Americans are so clueless, they don't even realize that any political "protest" movement has the FBI putting in CIs & undercovers to research the protest organizers as if they were terrorists. Its de riguer, and its been going on before 9/11. (Why the fuck would FBI need to send undercovers to monitor Quaker meetings to protest the Iraq invasion???)
As for the PATRIOT act, the gov't was breaking the laws the PATRIOT act suspended before the act was drafted.
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As for the PATRIOT act, the gov't was breaking the laws the PATRIOT act suspended before the act was drafted.
You are correct. I just didn't have the time/energy to type a real history lesson.
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The names of these government organizations are infuriating. The Federal Bureau of Investigation is really about the disruption of political opposition. The Central Intelligence Agency is really about secret, dirty wars.
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Re: The FBI will also track you... (Score:1)
Does Mulder/Scully smut fanfic count as FBI porn?
Misleading Summary headline (Score:5, Insightful)
The car photo in the story has dozens of bumper stickers plastered over the back; it's hardly a single political bumper sticker. The person wanted to get noticed and should not be surprised to have someone take a pic of his car--or, if the FBI is there, to have them grab a picture for file art. If you're out investigating and see something that sticks out that much, wouldn't you take a picture of it?
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I don't think I've ever seen a "Food not Bombs" bumper sticker on a car with less than 5 stickers.
But I'm not ready to just wave my hands and discount the idea that the FBI considers having lots of bumper stickers to be suspicious, even if the 1st Amendment says they're not supposed to even go there.
Re:Misleading Summary headline (Score:5, Insightful)
On the other hand, why the hell is the FBI bothering with these people. Unless their slogan is the world's biggest misnomer, they're not going to be blowing anything up. The worst they'll do is be annoying and passive aggressive in public, which hardly warrants a single letter in the local paper let alone three in the form of some government agency.
Anyone stupid enough to ruin a perfectly good bumper with a sticker isn't worth wasting time or resources on. I'd be far more suspicious of the individuals with truck nuts. There's someone with enough screws loose to do something dangerous.
Re:Misleading Summary headline (Score:5, Insightful)
On the other hand, why the hell is the FBI bothering with these people?
Because they have nothing better to do. In the last 20 years, crime rates in America have dropped dramatically, yet the FBI budget has doubled. They are over funded and over staffed, and they don't have enough real work to do.
There are two alternative solutions:
1. Criminalize more activities
2. Cut their budget
So far we have been opting for #1.
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There are two alternative solutions:
1. Criminalize more activities
2. Cut their budget
So far we have been opting for #1.
Welcome to the nanny state. I, for one, detest my SJW overlords.
Wahh! People disagree with me. Where's my safe space?
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In the last 20 years, crime rates in America have dropped dramatically, yet the FBI budget has doubled.
Does that include inflation? You'd expect a budget to double in 20 years, from inflation alone.
I realize you also said crime rates were dropping, which would suggest it ought to shrink instead of stay steady. Just musing out loud, mostly.
Re:Misleading Summary headline (Score:4)
Because they have nothing better to do.
In a city near mine, about 10 years ago, an old cop died. When they were cleaning his basement, they found decades of illegal files documenting surveillance of totally innocuous local groups like liberal weekly newspapers, mainstream charity groups with a liberal ideology, social advocacy groups.
It was really weird, I mean, even conservative citizens didn't understand why they would spend time investigating these groups. But the reason is obvious. Hippies. There are lots of old cops who still believe that hippies were the "death of America" and they're still trying to fight some sort of guerrilla culture war. I have no problem at all thinking that these guys get most of their life entertainment out of stalking hippies, blaming the worlds problems on them, and ticketing them for j-walking.
Everything has a reason. A lot of those reasons are lame.
And cutting their budgets? That might just mean they buy less toys they don't need, or do less lab testing of evidence. Reducing their budget does not in any way imply that you're going to improve what they spend money on, or curtail excessive interest in hippies.
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And cutting their budgets? That might just mean they buy less toys they don't need, or do less lab testing of evidence. Reducing their budget does not in any way imply that you're going to improve what they spend money on, or curtail excessive interest in hippies.
And you forget that they really don't care what the legislators does with their budgets; because they just make it up with bogus civil forfeiture, not to mention all the drugs and guns they have been selling for decades.
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Generally no, they already max out the civil forfeiture they can find excuses for. Just look at the cases and the fact that they already seize a lot they have to pay back later. If they had a surplus they could dip into, they wouldn't be grabbing at the iffy stuff.
Re:Misleading Summary headline (Score:5, Insightful)
What if crime rates have dropped dramatically because the FBI budget has doubled?
That is unlikely. On a state-by-state basis, spending on law enforcement has been negatively correlated with crime reduction. More cops and more prisons leads to more crime (or at least less of a decline). The effect is especially perverse for teenagers. Once a kid is sucked into the juvenile justice system, they are on the fast-track to a life of crime. If a teenager commits a minor crime, and gets away with it, or is let off with a warning, they are less likely to commit future crimes than if they are arrested and their life is turned upside down.
The solution to over-policing is fewer police and less spending on law enforcement. When you see an ad for a politician bragging about endorsements from the police union and the prison guard union, you should vote for someone else.
Re: Misleading Summary headline (Score:2)
It's actually something of a mystery, but crime rates have dropped in pretty much all first world countries despite their having wildly disparate crime policies.
As for the FBI budget, some no doubt is caused by the emergence of novel crime forms like cybercrime, but you have to count a lot of new money spent against terrorism. That may be justifiable, but not on a cost benefit basis. Even in a major terror year like 2001, terrorist victims are a small fraction of the murder total, much less of preventable
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Not really much of a mystery. Read up on lead (the metal), reduction of same and correlations with crime rates....
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Yes, I'm aware of the lead-crime hypothesis. It's an interesting one, and I wouldn't at all be surprised if lead is a contributor; but I haven't seen anything like proof.
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Yes, I'm aware of the lead-crime hypothesis. It's an interesting one, and I wouldn't at all be surprised if lead is a contributor; but I haven't seen anything like proof.
Demonstrating only that you were aware of the hypothesis, and didn't read up on the theory after the evidence was assembled.
The neighborhood-by-neighborhood air monitoring and crime rates create really detailed proof of the effect. Not seeing it is not the same as having checked it out and not found any. ;)
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Well, there's no shortage of plausible-seeming explanations. Which, if I know my mystery stories as well as I think I do, is an essential element in a good one.
Re:Misleading Summary headline (Score:5, Insightful)
Law enforcement is supposed to be reactive. They can't be proactive without interfering with legal freedom, because it isn't a crime to not break the law; it isn't a crime to think about breaking the law; it isn't a crime to almost break the law, but then not do it. And they don't even have a pre-crime unit anyways.
Actual "proactive" law enforcement means things like, instead of harassing the hippies that want to have a march, you work with them to plan the route and get the cops ahead of them diverting traffic and offering a polite escort. It is only for small stuff, because big stuff that didn't happen there is nothing to do yet except training. But the training should be in methods of reaction to actual crime that actually happened. In the past, not in the future.
Sometimes slashdot makes me wish the world was as smart as President W Bush, then we could at least agree that the past already happened. Hopefully we could even extend that to the future having not happened yet!
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Around here, what seemed to help was simply putting the cops back on the beat, so they're interacting with the people instead of sitting in their cars in an alley eating donuts.
Up the page someone made the point that how beginning criminals are dealt with makes quite a difference as well as most kids experiment with things like shoplifting and need a little maturity to learn not to, rather then heavy punishment.
Then there's the advert that was just on the radio, where someone dies from using their GPS while
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Around here, putting cops out on the beat increases the abuse that minorities, the poor, and those with the wrong hairstyle receive.
One thing that helped a little bit was a citizen review panel that looks at complaints. Unfortunately, the local righties insist on keeping the police union involved, even though it isn't a contract negotiation.
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Probably a culture thing, something that can vary a lot even just in different parts of town. Here the cops aren't unionized but where they are they seem to be crappier, though that may just be the cities hiring the dregs.
We also recently got a civilian oversite group, mostly dealing with excessive force and cops have actually been charged with assault and murder.
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In my community when they do that, the crime rate does decrease in that neighborhood, but the overall crime rate in the city doesn't change at those same times. So they can certainly shift a "problem corner" to a different corner by having cops "hanging out" and trying to act friendly in the neighborhood.
Compare that to poverty reductions, which instantly translate into reduced crime city-wide. If the rate of poverty went down, the crime rate went down at the same time.
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The FBI is restricted in the crimes they can have anything to do with. A lot of crime cannot legally be dealt with by the Federal government, and that's gone down too.
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I'd be far more suspicious of the individuals with truck nuts.
Well we have been known to do that at deer camp of course it is usually to screw with someone and what the hell else are you going to do with deer testicles and dick. Even my car ended up with them once hanging from the hitch.
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Perhaps they are recording them to see if any bumper stickers are, indeed, correlated with some sort of wrongdoing.
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There are all sorts of things that private citizens can do because it is in public, but the government is forbidden to do because it is based on speech.
Putting people in a suspect list with no connection to a crime, based entirely on their speech, that is clearly forbidden to them. Taking the picture isn't. I have no problem with the picture. I'm only talking about where they wrote down stuff about people, implying suspicion where everything they actually pointed to was protected speech, including simply th
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There are all sorts of things that private citizens can do because it is in public, but the government is forbidden to do because it is based on speech.
Putting people in a suspect list with no connection to a crime, based entirely on their speech, that is clearly forbidden to them. Taking the picture isn't. I have no problem with the picture. I'm only talking about where they wrote down stuff about people, implying suspicion where everything they actually pointed to was protected speech, including simply that members of Food Not Bombs was seen at anti-war rallies where they also saw members of other groups such as Earth First!.
In the photo on the website, I also see a "regime change" sticker, and other stickers that could be either pure political speech, or threats. But those aren't the ones they wrote down in these files.
I didn't wave my hands and discount that the FBI might consider political speech to be suspicious; I said that the 1st Amendment says they're not supposed to.
As another Poster said: COINTELPRO. Look it up [wikipedia.org].
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Putting people in a suspect list with no connection to a crime, based entirely on their speech, that is clearly forbidden to them.
Nope, it's not. Acting on that information, e.g. to search that person, or put them on a no-fly list, that's where they cross the line. But keeping track of public speech is legit.
(Meta-data tracking is a whole different discussion, omitted here.)
Heck, just think in terms of basic police work (rare as that may be): cop sees something in public that seems suspicious, but doesn't rise to probable cause. He's certainly allowed to react to that by looking harder for signs of illegal activity, as long as he d
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On the other hand, why the hell is the FBI bothering with these people.
Because they are sick, power-hungry, paranoid motherfuckers with nothing better to do with our tax money, that's why.
Next question?
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How would the 1st amendment have anything to do with the FBI tracking you? Freedom of speech doesn't equal freedom from being monitored. Or Freedom to whatever you please with no one noticing...
Actually, to a very large extent, yes. Yes it does.
Or at least it did until the frickin' USAPATRIOTACT.
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Having the government stalk you for speech puts a chill on speech. Actually it isn't just the government stalking you as your boss can have a lot of power over you as well and more people are probably scared to express themselves due to the possibility of losing their livelihood then are worried about the FBI.
That's the beauty of the fascist system, just outsource the prosecution of dissidence.
Lies, damn lies (Score:5, Insightful)
People who had Ron Paul bumper stickers were placed on DHS watch lists, which we all know gets shared with everyone else _including_ the FBI (Remember fusion centers right?). It only takes 1 of something to get you on a list, and like TFA demonstrates simply following a particular band like ICP will get you labelled and placed on a list.
Oh, and to be perfectly clear, we _KNOW_ that people were put on lists for being Ron Paul supporters. It took years for people to get removed and of course the Government "claims" that they don't do that any more. If you believe the Government.. well, you are beyond help.
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If you are not on at least ONE government "watch" list then you're doing something wrong.
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What were the effects of being on the watch lists?
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What were the effects of being on the watch lists?
In general we can't even know, because we don't know whether or not we're on one. Maybe the reason Joe got pulled over 3 times last year for "reckless driving" but was never issued a ticket isn't because he can't drive well, but because he's on a list. Is he? Which one(s)? How is he to know?
What we do know is that searching Google for terms like "Linux" or "Tor" gets us put on a list. What we do know is that people like Senator Ted Kennedy have been added to the no-fly list, for god knows what reason. It to
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It seems so silly to add someone to a watch list because of a bumper sticker.
It's the people who are quiet and evasive that they should be interested in, not the blowhards who are probably all bark and no bite.
I mean, if you are a terrorist, are you going to advertise your intentions to the world with a bumper sticker?
I break for jihad...
AWESOME! (Score:5, Insightful)
Time to slap stickers on random people's cars in parking lots.
Enjoy the increased signal to noise ratio mister FBI man!
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Time to slap stickers on random people's cars in parking lots.
s/cops/fbi agents/ [dilbert.com].
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You mean "decreased", right?
Congratulations Way Too Many Bumperstickers Guy (Score:1)
You wanted to get noticed, and you did.
This isn't exactly a news story. If you're that public about your beliefs, you should expect that people know about it.
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If you're that public about your beliefs, you should expect that people know about it.
The people who scream the loudest about "political correctness" are the same people who want to say something socially unacceptable — "The president is a [church bells]!" to paraphrase Mel Brooks in Blazing Saddles — without suffering the consequences.
Re: Congratulations Way Too Many Bumperstickers Gu (Score:2)
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Your ilk who want to shut everyone up who disagrees with your progressive, anti-human agenda by branding them as racists?
I'm not trying to shut you up. I have no problem with you going up to a group of young black men and calling them {church bells]. If they beat your sorry ass to a pulp, don't come crying to me about how your First Amendment right got infringed. You started a fight by opening your mouth, pay the price for your freedom.
Free speech shouldn't have "consequences", that's authoritarian speak for not having the right to free speech.
Free speech has consequences. If it didn't, no one would die to protect it.
The counter strategy... (Score:4, Interesting)
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Just remember, in some areas pro-police bumper stickers can get you more scrutiny by the police as well.
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Just remember, in some areas pro-police bumper stickers can get you more scrutiny by the police as well.
My father and I drove up from California to Idaho to bury my mother's ashes with her parents in 2004. He did a California rolling stop through a four-way intersection and we got jeered from all sides because we had California license plates. Californians got blamed for real estate prices, drive by shootings and drug activity by people in Idaho. Never mind that my extended family has been involved with the drug trade for decades. My father and his brothers bought tax-free cigarettes in Oregon and sold them o
The Canadian strategy... (Score:2)
Canadians, by and large, do not use bumper stickers (its some sort of deeply ingrained politeness thing) so CSIS and the other five-eyes organizations have to work much harder than bumper scanning. For those of you thinking of moving north in the event of a Trump presidential win, peel off all those stickers first so that you blend in much easier out on the road.
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Please, the real reason is that 10 months out of the year the sticker would be covered in salt that gets put down on the roads to keep them ice-free and so nobody could read the stickers anyway.
Re:The counter strategy... (Score:5, Funny)
That's because the only time anyone will notice the bumper sticker on your front bumper is when you're about to mow them down.
"Ah, he's against fossil fuels. That's kind of.... Aggghhhhh!"
Re:The counter strategy... (Score:5, Insightful)
What's pro-crime about wanting to legalize pot? Legalizing the stuff would give us a significant drop in the crime rate.
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Legalizing the stuff would give us a significant drop in the crime rate.
And put quite a few cops out of business.
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Gosh, the police will call your home phone to ask for donations to the policeman's whatever, and if you contribute they'll give you a sticker to put in the rear window of your car. I always figured that to be a legal way to put your thumb on the scale for "just a warning."
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Gosh, the police will call your home phone to ask for donations to the policeman's whatever, and if you contribute they'll give you a sticker to put in the rear window of your car.
The punchline for the old joke is: "Police don't have balls."
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do you know the difference between cause and correlation?
If you got a point, make it. Otherwise, don't waste my time on a Wikipedia article and wondering what your point was.
I'll put these bumper stickers on my car then (Score:3)
I'll put this bumper sticker on the left side of my car:
"Attention FBI: This car best photographed from the right side."
and on the right side of my car:
"Attention FBI: This car best photographed from the left side."
Then put some other nutty bumper stickers in between, and wait for the fun to start!
IRS & Taxes (Score:1)
So this is how the IRS is really targeting specific groups of people for auditing!
DON'T have a political bumper sticker? ... (Score:1)
... The FBI might be snapping photos of you anyways.
Irony (Score:2)
Try writing "[Candidate 2016]" on a sidewalk... (Score:1)
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/grade-point/wp/2016/03/24/someone-wrote-trump-2016-on-emorys-campus-in-chalk-some-students-said-they-no-longer-feel-safe/
People are stupid (Score:2)
Bob's Nukes (Score:2)
Before 9-11 I was required to drive my own van for work stuff and I was not being paid enough for milage. So, seeing as it was my own van I had a couple of magnet signs made up for the doors.
Imaging a circle logo with the top half in big letters, "Bob's Nukes." On the bottom half, in smaller letters, it said, "on time & on target," under that, "guaranteed yield."
Not surprisingly, my manager and I had a discussion, the signs came off and my mileage got increased. . . but I loved those signs.
They need a file (Score:2)
All fun and games... (Score:5, Insightful)
We can sit around and poke fun at vegans, Juggalos, PETA, and all the other groups that are super easy to/we love to hate. That's precisely why this article is propaganda, as you shouldn't think for a second that "political statements" like being pro-encryption, rooting for Apple, anti-authoritarian, or against a police state doesn't also land you on the same lists.
It's fun to joke around and all, but allowing any ridiculous-yet-innocuous activities be branded as terrorism just opens the door for the totalitarians to brand any common sense political leanings the same way. You know, I didn't speak up because I wasn't a Juggalo...or whatever.
Just stuck on ... (Score:3)
I suppose I could get on the FBI's good side by adding a 'Lavrentiy Beria for US Attorney General' sticker.
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I made "Charles Palentine for President" bumper stickers (magnets), complete with the "_We_ are the people".
Some people asked me who he was. I told them he was a senator running for President, but that he was a long shot not many people had heard of, but if elected he would clean up the city.
A much smaller number of people realized it was the "candidate" shown in the the movie Taxi Driver and an even smaller number got the fact that I used the mis-emphasized slogan that Albert Brooks complains about earlie
Are we not doing related stories any more? (Score:2)
Related stories:
Road Rage Linked To Automobile Bumper Stickers [slashdot.org]
And also if you don't have bumper stickers (Score:2)
Police and FBI are routinely taking photos of your car every day, regardless of what stickers might or might not be on your car.
FBI attention fully warranted ... (Score:2)
"Us is terrorist squad, see?.An them is Terrorists! They wouldn't 'ave called Us in if they weren't terrorists, right? So there!"
Of course not (Score:1)
Of course they do not have a file on you. You are an unimportant person, of little interest to anyone except your parents.
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You can ask, but it can be surprising the things that will be deleted (blacked out) in the report you get. Lots of things that are or were public knowledge. A friend of mine got back his file with the title of a book he had written blacked out.
Re:Well... (Score:4, Funny)
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Sorry, be we don't have the dietary needs of an omnivore, though the part about dentition is accurate. Most of our body is mainly adapted to eating fruit and bugs...and occasional meat, as in very rarely.
Even dogs aren't truly adapted as carnivores, for that look at the cats. And people are still largely adapted to a vegetarian diet. OTOH, our jaw muscles have shrunk, our tooth enamel has thinned, and various other changes have meant that we can only live on a small group of vegetables. The reduced gut m
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Sorry, shouldn't have left out eggs. All our ancestors have eaten eggs whenever they could get them. And whether the Egyptian lower classes were stunted depends on what century you look at. OTOH, the ones who weren't stunted may well have eaten fish.
Still, for a large number of centuries the majority of humanity lived on a mainly vegetarian diet. It may not have been optimal, but they generally survived it in sufficient health to reproduce. And the carnivorous Eskimo that I mentioned survived by eating
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Trying to keep cats on a diet without meat is abuse, potentially fatal. The only way to have a cat thrive on a vegan diet is to use all parts of the vegan, for different nutritional values.
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Where does the Taurine come from? Just looking at it's name I expect it's from beef. And while that might work, I believe that cats will do quite well with the appropriate amino acid supplement. (They'll hate it, of course.) So with the correct synthetic supplements you could raise a cat on a vegan diet. If you could get them to eat it.
But needing that kind of supplement is what is meant by saying they are an obligate carnivore.
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You don't see that as attracting at least some attention?
It depends on what the badges are. If your badge says "hot-shit edition" then you may be reducing your level of notice. I took the badges off my 1997 A8 Quattro because without them, to the untrained eye, it could be any model — and let's face it, cops are not expected to be Audi spotters. It too is a nondescript silver sedan; in fact, if I black out the Audi logo and the mirrors it will look just like an undercover cop car. I just haven't got around to degreasing, I already have the plasti-dip. I kep
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...Karl Marx himself wrote approvingly of the yankee aggression in Horace Greeley's newspaper.
It appears that the AC is correct [isreview.org]:
Karl Marx ... took Alexander Stephens, the vice president of the Confederacy, at his word when Stephens proclaimed what Southern secession was really all about. Wrote Marx:
The question of the principle of the American Civil War is answered by the battle slogan with which the South broke the peace. Stephens ... declared in the secession Congress, that what essentially distinguished the Constitution hatched at Montgomery from the Constitution of the Washingtons and Jeffersons was that for now for the first time slavery was recognized as institution for good in itself, and as the foundation of the whole state edifice, whereas the revolutionary fathers, men steeped in the prejudices of the eighteenth century, had treated slavery as an evil imported from England and to be eliminated in the course of time.
Marx continued:
The cultivation of the Southern export articles, cotton, tobacco, sugar, etc., carried on by slaves, is only renumerative as long as it is conducted with large gangs of slaves, on a mass scale and on wide expanses of a naturally fertile soil, which requires only simple labor. Intensive cultivation, which depends less on fertility of the soil than on investment of capital, intelligence and energy of labor, is contrary to the nature of slavery.
Please mod the AC's post Informative. Thanks.