New Hampshire Bill Could Lead To Adoption of Approval Voting 416
Okian Warrior writes "The people at FreeKeene report: 'Four Republican state representatives have sponsored a bill that would replace first-past-the-post voting with approval voting for all state offices and presidential primaries. Under this system, voters would select every candidate they approve of (regardless of party), and the candidate with the highest overall vote total wins. This reduces strategic voting, and would often make elections easier for moderate and libertarian candidates. The bill, HB240, will have a public hearing Tuesday, February 1st, with the House Election Law committee.'"
I'm just thinking (Score:4, Funny)
That now they're adding a 'like' button, do we get a 'dislike' button too?
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A better solution would be to rank the candidate, but then the best method of tabulation is not 100% clear.
This is called the Alternative Vote system (or Single Transferable Vote, if combined with multi-seat constituencies), and is in use all over the place. The UK is due to have a referendum on implementing this system in May, assuming the bill gets through the House of Lords in time.
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Nobody likes the "new Slashdot", but somebody in charge made the decision and now we're stuck with it. Quite appropos.
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"Satisfy the most voters" essentially means the most "fair" system of voting. In other words, it results in the election of the candidates that most reflect the wishes of the voters. All other simple systems, including "one person, one vote" can result in people who are not the actual favorites being elected because of math
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"Satisfy" in what sense? If you count by approval, Approval wins (because each voter marks the candidates he is "satisfied" with, and the candidate most is satisfied with wins). If you count by majority preference versus each other candidate in turn, round robin (Condorcet) voting methods win. If you count by strength and e
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As for "satisfy", I meant just that: studies of instant runoff versus other "simple" voting methods has shown that in practice, it results in choices that reflect the actual preferences of the most people. There are certainly other voting methods that may offer even better results, but they tend to be more
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mandate
You keep using that word. I do not think it means what you think it means.
Dosen't this give the people more choice ? (Score:4, Insightful)
Instead of the 2 "pre-selected" candidates, we get more choices. I think this system would give non mainstream candidates a better chance.
Re:Dosen't this give the people more choice ? (Score:5, Funny)
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Do you think that is a good thing? I mean currently, we chose the best of the candidates first, then run off between them. A system like this just seems to be little more then holding that over to the end with the exception that someone who can play a crowd better having the ability to completely contradict themselves to get each side and end up stealing the election.
Furthermore, think about what this will do to public confidence in the government. We think it's bad now when almost half the population voted
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Do you think that is a good thing? I mean currently, we chose the best of the candidates first, then run off between them.
No, we choose the most popular candidates. There's typically a pretty strong negative correlation between quality and popularity.
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Most national elections around the world is between multiple viable candidates or parties, not just two. If anything, distrust in government seems stronger in countries like the US that allow only two viable choices.
I guess that with only two candidates most people have no choice that actually agrees with their views. They have to hold their nose and pick the least disagreeable, or shrug off the election as meaningless.
With a more proportional system and more viable candidates most people can find somebody
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Finally (Score:4, Interesting)
Change for the better, no matter who you support. This can only let people have more direct say in their elected officials.
Re:Finally (Score:4, Interesting)
Yeah, this is a good step forward. However, contrary to the summary, it doesn't eliminate the need for strategic voting. With approval voting you can take the safe route and cast a token vote for a third party and the lesser of two evils. However, if everyone does that then the third party candidates will never win. So at some point you need to decide to only vote for the third party, with the risk that the greater of the two evils may win as a result. You need to gauge the chances of the third party winning when deciding how to vote.
Thus the need for strategic voting is merely deferred until third parties become more successful. This is still good, though, because it shows the real amount of support for third parties, and gives them more opportunity to build momentum in their campaigns over the years. Furthermore, I personally prefer for strategy to be the determining factor in corner cases, rather than the random outcomes that occur with IRV in the same circumstances.
The real problem with our voting system is the fact that there is only a single winner for each area. Suppose that 20% of people in a city support the Greens, %40 Republicans and %40 Democrats. Unless nearly all those greens live in a single voting district, they will never have a plurality in any district, and thus never get a single seat in the city council despite the fact that they should have 2/10 in all fairness. It would be much better to draw the lines such that there are two or three winners for each district. If you did that than even first past the fence voting would be tolerable.
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I do agree with your scenario as the most likely, that the third party candidates will still be overrun by the "safe" votes for the main two. However, there is still a small bit of hope here.
Imagine 3 candidates, R, D, and O(ther). Now, let's say R and D are neck and neck, but O had a 75% approval rating divided among both parties (I know, it's not likely, but you have to admit that would be a strong candidate). The problem is that his approval is also split fairly evenly between R and D. Under the curr
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Even presented like that, I wouldn't necessarily say it's a step backwards. I'd rather have a party that everybody is fine with, even if it is not their first choice, than a party that 40% of the population despises. Over time, the net effect would be a depolarization of politics, which I would say is a good thing.
Re:Finally (Score:5, Informative)
Nope. The thing is, this voting is more expressive than FPP. Allow me to use the infamous Gore/Bush/Nader choice to illustrate.
With FPP, assuming you like Nader best, Gore second best, and Bush worst. You can either vote for Nader, or vote for Gore. If you know/assume that Nader will not win, you vote for Gore, but if you assume that Nader could win, you vote for him.
Now suppose you bet Nader could win, and you're wrong. Since you had no way of also expressing your preference for Gore over Bush, your vote is now meaningless, except as information about Nader's level of support.
If on the other hand, you bet Nader couldn't win, and voted for Gore, then even though you bet correctly, there's still a loss -- now the information about third-party support is missing, because you couldn't express that in your vote. (This is one reason third-parties aren't successful -- not only the direct loss of votes due to stategic voting, but the lack of information on real support among real voters means third parties can't build momentum, can't assess their numbers and effectively form a coalition behind a single candidate, etc.)
Range voting or Score voting (two names for the same thing) is the most expressive possible -- you assign a score on a discrete or continuous scale from 0 to 1 (or 0 to 10, 0 to 100, etc. -- same thing in principle) to each candidate, each candidate's total is summed, and the candidate with the highest aggregate score wins. (Or for multi-winner elections, the top n candidates win). You can express your degree of support for each candidate precisely, and the totals will show it. Also, there'll be no races like 1980, when a third-party _should_ have won (i.e. the majority of voters preferred Anderson to both main-party candidates, but couldn't express that preference without risking a win by their least-preferred candidate), though those do seem to be fairly rare. (Of course, since a more expressive system lets third parties know where they stand and form effective coalitions, they'll become more common, and candidates will become less "not-the-other-team" (for main parties) or single-issue (for third parties) and more representative of the people's actual will.)
Approval voting is a simple variant of range voting where the range is discretized all the way to one bit -- a simple yes/no on each candidate. This does cause a loss of expressiveness, but it's still way more expressive than the existing system, and better than most alternative systems. In fact, it's nearly equivalent to range voting in practice, because the best strategy for range voting (yes, basically all voting systems have a strategy better than absolute honesty, and range voting is no exception) is to exaggerate preferences (better than FPP, where the best strategy is usually to lie about preferences between a major party and a minor party) by listing all candidates in order of preference, pick a dividing line based on expectations of how the rest of the voters will vote, and give maximum score to all candidates above and minimum to all voters below. Of course, approval voting forces the scores to the limit for you, by removing all intermediate values, making the best strategy only a matter of where you draw the line in your honestly ordered list.
To answer your specific scenario:
Yeah, if most voters on both sides are willing to choose the same third party over the "other team", and it's as you say "a toss-up between the two big parties" (i.e. no consensus in the populace between them), most sane people with their heads out of their asses would say having that third party win is the best outcome. Now if everyone's choosing all third parties over the other team, then they're drawing their approval line way too low, and failing at strategic voting. They'll probably learn from that, and be a little more circumspect about which third party they support in the next election -- getting a fairer result.
Honestly, your complai
Re:Finally (Score:4, Insightful)
Actually, that is the correct and desired outcome. 49% of the voters considered the D candidate to be "Satan incarnate" and the other 51% considered the R candidate to be "Son of Hitler". 100% considered the 3rd party candidate to be "OK", so he won.
The objective is to find a reasonably acceptable candidate, not to enforce the tyranny of the (barely) majority. The alternative is to split up into the Red States of America and the Blue States of America and put up a wall between them.
Doubt it would make any difference (Score:4, Insightful)
The Legislature would still be dominated by the Rep and Dem monopoly.
BTW in the late 1800s it was pretty common for neither the R or D party to have a dominant majority. And they had the same kind of voting we do now. What's changed is the Reps and Dems have rigged the ballot so other parties have to waste efforts trying to get approval to appear. (Which is ridiculous because there's plenty of room on the computer ballot to list everyone.)
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I'll take your word for it that the ballot has been rigged so that other parties have to waste efforts trying to get approval to appear. However, the reasoning I have used to vote for one of the two major parties goes like this:
1. Either major party X or major party Y is definitely going to win the election.
2. Both X and Y are pretty bad, but X is better than Y most of the time.
3. I'll vote for the X, the lesser of two evils.
I'm certain this is the way I make the decision. I'm pretty sure this is the way th
Re:Doubt it would make any difference (Score:4, Insightful)
Your reasoning is probably not all that different from everyone else. Many people (probably you and certainly I) *WANT* more choices, and the ability to cast an approval vote for a "third party" without throwing our vote away.
Voters are so apathetic, many don't even bother to vote- knowing that voting for a Republicrat or a Republicrat doesn't result in any meaningful change.
I don't know which "approval voting" system is best- there are many, and they can be complicated. But with the current system, it is nearly impossible for any candidate not in the "big two" to win for anything other than small/local type elections. So in this regard, just about ANY other system of voting is better than what we have now.
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I've long had a theory about that. Suppose you include polling information as well. If the polls say that 60% are voting for candidate A, with a 5% margin of error - why vote for either of the big two candidates? Then you certainly ARE wasting your vote, by piling on unnecessarily where your vote is not needed.
That's the strategy I use: if there is a real contest for my representative, I vote for the one that stands a chance who is least dangerous. If the outcome is a foregone conclusion, I vote in a way that sends a message.
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The Legislature would still be dominated by the Rep and Dem monopoly.
However, for primaries this is big, because it means there might actually be competition and choice. Approval voting at least reduces the problem of the 3rd option spoiler (i.e., I could safely have voted for Kucinich 1st, Obama 2nd, etc.). This dynamic could drastically change how money in these elections would affect outcomes, and thus change the general election as well... what would have happened if, say, Huckabee the republican primary in New Hampshire in 2008? No more McCain, Obama might have not b
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Where? Not the US House, that's for sure. Yeah, immediately after the civil war, things were a bit wonky; the Unionist party won 31 house seats in 1860... and no 3rd party has had that many since. Republicans held CRAZY majorities for years after that, since many southern states weren't allowed to seat their representatives under reconstruction. Just ONCE, in 1878, the Greenback party had enough seats to prev
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And parties arose because an organized party will rapidly defeat a pool of unaffiliated legislators.
Awesome if it works (Score:4)
If it really does make elections easier for third parties, I'm all for it (especially the Libertarians!). Personally, I'd love to see more parties come to power; our current two-party system is pretty much broken. Hopefully it would reduce or eliminate gridlock caused by representatives voting along party lines, and eliminate representatives put in their positions due to the same voting by the American People. One can dream...
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Re:Awesome if it works (Score:5, Interesting)
With approval voting, all those people could have voted for Anderson and also their second-favorite, which ever that was. Anderson would have gotten the largest number of votes, and would have won.
There are probably lots more cases where this would have been true, but we don't know because the pollsters didn't record the information.
That weird concept of "throwing away your vote" when the person you voted for doesn't win is probably one of the biggest things wrong with our voting system. Being persuaded to vote for someone other than the candidate you prefer is what's really "throwing away your vote". But it seems that most of the American public (and probably most of the rest of humanity) is dumb enough to fall for this propaganda technique.
Re:Awesome if it works (Score:5, Informative)
It's not a propaganda technique, it's an inevitable fact of our voting system. If you vote for your favorite who has little support and, as a result, your least-favorite candidate wins instead of your second-favorite candidate, your "smart" choice has just caused a worse outcome for you than the "dumb" one. Even in cases where a third party candidate is polling well, unless they're polling well evenly across big-two party lines and there's some way for all the voters to know how everyone else is going to vote (not in polls, but when they actually get in the booth) it's still hard to say that voting for the "safe" but less desirable candidate is anything but the best play in a broken game.
Re:Awesome if it works (Score:5, Interesting)
New Hampshire is already probably the best place to field a 3rd-party candidate. They have the greatest number of state representatives per capita of any state in the US (and, I think, the greatest number overall). It means that you actually can talk to every voter in your district, if you like.
That's probably why these guys [freestateproject.org] want to locate there.
But it never works. (Score:3)
Wonderful start (Score:4, Insightful)
This is a WONDERFUL start. I have been saying, for so many years, that until the electoral college is removed and things are switched to approval voting: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approval_voting [wikipedia.org] like Instant Runoff or similar: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IRV [wikipedia.org] we will NEVER see any real change. The "two party system" ("Republicrats") we have is one of several factors that is slowly ruining the country.
Citizens deserve more choice, more power, and more say in who is elected. People should not be forced to throw away their vote by voting their true position OR vote defensively for someone they see as the "lesser of two evils"... which is often their only choice right now.
I disapprove of Approval Voting (Score:3, Interesting)
Approval Voting is a poor choice in comparison to the Schulze Method. Please stop advocating for a broken method.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schulze_method#Comparison_with_other_preferential_single-winner_election_methods [wikipedia.org]
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I approve of
Consider the first two on same preference, approval as second choice and other preferences skipped.
Re:I disapprove of Approval Voting (Score:4, Insightful)
I agree that the schulze method is preferential to approval voting, however I prefer approval voting over our current process in any election.
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X > Y; Y > Z; Z > X.
As the linked Wikipedia article itself says: "If there is a candidate who is preferred pairwise over the other candidates, when compared in turn with each of the others, the Schulze method guarantees that candidate will win."
However, as the nontransitivity of inequalities implies, there is not always a single c
Re:I disapprove of Approval Voting (Score:4, Informative)
All voting system are inherently broken due to Arrow's impossibility theorem. Some are just better than others. In this case, though, any preference-based system is light years ahead of FPTP, so getting there first is a big achievement in and of itself; the details can always be ironed out later (or, you know, it might just work well enough as it is).
At least it's an improvement (Score:2)
Note to anyone looking for approval voting in the linked chart: it's not there, that chart only compares "ranking" voting systems, and approval voting isn't one. Here's the Wikipedia article:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approval_voting [wikipedia.org]
Sounds like a good move. Getting Schulze voting would be better, and I hope it takes off in the future (I heard Australia uses a form of Schulze voting). I'd definitely be in favour of moving from first-past-the-post to approval voting.
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Range voting is easier to understand for non-geek voters, and does a good job minimizing the regret metric.
http://search.barnesandnoble.com/Gaming-the-Vote/William-Poundstone/e/9780809048922/?itm=2&USRI=gaming+the+vote [barnesandnoble.com]
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I wonder what are housing prices like in NH... (Score:3)
Hopefully, this will pass, and they will follow it up with getting rid of the primaries altogether. There's no need for a playoff if you're using a system like this.
Although, I think a weighted system would work a little better. Just because two or more candidates might be acceptable to me, doesn't mean that they're equally acceptable to me.
I think the best system, though, is one where everyone ranks the acceptable candidates, then the computer runs through every possible paring (shouldn't be too bad, it's just O(N^2) in the obvious algorithm, and there are a number of obvious things you can do to pare down N and reduce the data). In one of those pairs, the winning candidate will have more votes than in all of the other pairs. That's the most acceptable candidate. I'm sure that there's a name for such a system, but I'm too lazy to look it up.
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Upon further reflection, I think the method I outlined will not necessarily get the most preferred candidate. But I still think the idea of trying out every possible pair is part of the way to find the most preferred candidate.
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To answer your title question: house prices are a lot more affordable here than in many neighboring states like CT, NY, MA. No income tax/sales tax either.
Re:I wonder what are housing prices like in NH... (Score:4, Informative)
...then the computer runs through every possible paring...
Because you are taking the time to think this through, I'd like to point you to the well-established research field of voting theory [wikipedia.org].
It's actually quite interesting. There are many criteria an election might hope to satisfy. Provably no voting system can satisfy even a small set of desirable criteria (see Arrow's impossibility theorem). However, in my view (and many others), the methods that consider all pairwise elections seem in some sense to be the fairest according to my own personal aesthetics. These are called Condorcet methods. They are actually even used in practice for some things, some even in the open-source community [wikipedia.org].
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"Just because two or more candidates might be acceptable to me, doesn't mean that they're equally acceptable to me."
Which do you think is most common? (a) Having two or more acceptable candidates with distinctly different levels of likability, or (b) Having two or more unacceptable candidates with equal levels of "I don't really give a damn". (Or at least: equal levels of "I don't care enough to spend time ranking them.") I'll bet (b) is enormously more common -- and so we should optimize for that.
In short,
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It's not a problem calculating the will of the people these days, it just brings a lot of new possibilities of expressing exactly what peop
It is already a good idea to consider moving to NH (Score:4, Informative)
I would not give up on this too soon either. Last session (before the last election where a large number of pro-freedom reps were elected), NH tossed out a years old arbitrary ban on various kinds of knives. This session, within days of swearing in the new reps, they overturned a ban on firearms in the statehouse.
There is already no income tax, no sales tax, no seatbelt law, no helmet law. $100 per year salary for state reps. No 'offices' or staff for the reps.
There is also a proposed bill going through this year to require the state government to prefer open standards/open source software.
Recommend googling the freestate project.
Who's New Hampshire Bill? (Score:5, Funny)
I hope some day the city government of Buffalo enacts some bill that gets a /. story
Won't pass (Score:2)
Holy Smoke (Score:2)
I honestly think that this is the single most important change we can make for our democracy (not to say that it's a total silver bullet, either). I'm kind of amazed that this might actually have traction anyplace. Go NH.
Blue Juice, Red Juice (Score:2)
I'm also sure the Democrats will wholeheartedly support allowing voters to have more choice, even at the expense of some of their own newfound political juice in NH.
Yes, I'm being totally serious. No, reeeeallllyyyyy
Get rid of state-recognized parties. (Score:5, Insightful)
I think a lot of the problems with the current voting system could be fixed if states would quit officially recognizing political parties, and quit pandering to them by sponsoring and financing party primary elections, and quit registering voters as members of parties.
Let the parties maintain their own membership lists, and if the parties want to have primaries to decide who their representative will be in the general election, let them finance and run them privately.
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Not necessarily a good thing (Score:3)
In Israel the political system encourages relatively small parties. The result is that whoever actually gets elected finds it increasingly difficult to actually secure the majority one always needs in order to create a functioning government. During the latest elections, Zipi Livni claimed she won because she was leading the biggest party, while Binyamin Netanyaho claimed he won because he was leading the biggest block of somewhat like-ideology parties. The simple truth is that even if you took the two of them and formed a coalition between the two, that wouldn't have been enough to secure a majority.
If you believe that it is better for someone you do not agree with to hold the wheel than to have no one hold it, then this is not such a great move.
Shachar
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This is New Hampshire, not Vermont.
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what you think as left there is WAY too much to the right of anything that is considered left in any other part of the world
Perhaps you're right. Or perhaps the rest of the world is way too much to the left. Have you ever thought about that? It's a matter of perspective.
Re:Moderate and libertarian candidates .... so the (Score:5, Insightful)
I have to point out that politics, like everything else, is not "left" or "right". Trying to describe anything political in one measure is doing nobody any service. It is like trying to describe music, personality, biology as being left or right; or existing as only a single point on a line - it is crazy.
Case in point- Libertarians MIGHT be described as "left" for civil liberties and mixing religion with state, and yet "right" for foreign policy or spending, center on environment, and off in some other direction regarding defense. Where does one place THEM on a single line?
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Single dimensional dichotomies are about all that most people can handle when it comes to analysis, which is unfortunate.
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Single dimensional dichotomies are about all that most people can handle when it comes to analysis, which is unfortunate.
It is definitely unfortunate. I think the only valid single-dimensional dichotomy upon which to place ideas is whether their implementation results in increasing well-being for people and society. Well-being here is defined by me, ala Sam Harris [samharris.org], as increasing happiness of individuals and cooperation between individuals.
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Yes, that's right. We should all look at other countries when we find some politicians or political idea to be to the left or right of our own ideals. This way, not matter how stupid they are or no matter how much others don't like him, we can embrace voting for them because according to some other country or their scale, they aren't left or right enough.
Here is the thing. Politics is generally about home rule, local governments and all that. Pointing out that the left in Europe is different from the left i
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second, no, you are way too to the left. when compared with the practices that have been successful in the rest of the world in balancing corporate and public (the people's needs), america is a disaster. you americans complain about it more than anyone else criticizes you, yet, at the same time you are STILL able to argue that you are not too much to the right.
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Even if your perspective is well to the right of the "rest of the world", surely, unless you're prepared to admit you're a true fascist, you can appreciate that a representative diversity of political opinion promotes a healthier society. Insofar as I believe that the American population isn't *yet* so deranged as to be totally politically homogenized, I sincerely doubt that those of us on the US left aren't such a disproportionately small minority as to warrant no real representation. You'll also note that
Re:Moderate and libertarian candidates .... so the (Score:5, Interesting)
None of the listed countries are even left of center. The Scandinavian countries are some of the closest to that line, but what really separates them is the gap on the Authoritarian-Libertarian between them and the rest of the pack. If the broad range of European parties is similar to the ones for the 2007 Irish election [politicalcompass.org] there certainly is more choice available, but your governments as a whole tend to be quite similar to the U.S. There are also several far-left groups that get even less media coverage than the Green party. Many states still have candidates that run under the Socialist party and there are a number of different anarchist parties, some of which don't choose to participate in the system. You almost never hear about any of these on the news.
I can see how you might come away with your impression if you watched Fox news, where almost anything is lambasted for being "socialist" regardless of whether it has anything to do with socialism. The other American news networks aren't really any better about promoting third party candidates or policies, possibly due to the vicious circle that only effectively allows for a two-party system. I don't follow European politics so I have no way of knowing how much media coverage some of the smaller parties manage to garner, but I don't expect it's as much as the major parties get. The only reason the Libertarian party has been getting any coverage is because it got lumped in with the Tea Party, to which I think several Libertarians would object.
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There are certainly more far-left political parties, but they're usually not the ones leading the coalitions forming the government. Here's the political compass chart [politicalcompass.org] for the major candidates in the last U.S. presidential election. Here's the political compass chart [politicalcompass.org] for the European governments as of 2008. They're not too terribly different.
Please normalize those charts. Thanks.
Appropriate for New Hampsire (Score:2)
The libertarian party is the one most likely to gain from this move, as they are one of (if not the) strongest third party in New Hampshire, so it makes sense that they are the ones mentioned in news reports. If the law was passed in another state like New Mexico, it would be the Greens that people would be talking about, who are definitely left. The last green we had running for Governor was proposing socializing all natural gas and oil extraction (not just taxing and regulating it), which goes farther th
Re:Moderate and libertarian candidates .... so the (Score:4, Informative)
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http://slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=1973102&cid=35050240 [slashdot.org]
he told it quite nicely.
naturally, i am not from europe.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Development_Index [wikipedia.org]
and, observe the top 10 of the above index, and research their history. you will see that your assumptions in regard to the political spectrum of europe, is wrong.
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Left?
Well we have a Communist party.
And a Nazi party.
And the Liberal party - all of these are pro-big government and pro-maximum control by a central authority.
If you think a Nazi party belongs to the left you should get your definitions of left and right straight.
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Wow, 70+ years later and their propaganda still gets you.
The NAZIs are about as National Socialist as North Korea is the Democratic Peoples Republic.
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That's not entirely fair. The nazis were certainly nationally oriented, for a certain extremely restrictive conception of nation.
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Nazis did not subscribe to the fascist views but instead supported a socialist system. Not communism, mind you, which they venomously hated. Hitler himself has stated this as being "socialism" and viewed capitalism as a great evil. They did believe in "private property" however in the end the government owned everything. I don't believe they had time to really implement their views but they did have major control over industries during the war. Attempting to replace nation wide capitalism in 5 years is how
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in practice, their 'socialism' was a political control of everything. there was nothing socialist in regard to economic aspects, other than a few shows of sending workers on an overseas cruise a few times with a state cruiser as propaganda.
No you're picking and choosing the definition of socialism that fits your arguments. That's not how it works. Government control over all industries and economic matters is socialism. It generally doesn't end well for the workers but the decisions are made by the government (which "represents" the population). This is close to the classical Marx socialism although as you noted reality is a bitch compared to his Utopian vision.
moreover, ussr had openly stated that they have adopted a 'socialist' method until true communism was possible. not surprisingly, their 'socialism' was also only political, meaning for the sake of efficient government control over economy for warfare, instead of PEOPLE controlling the economy and decision making for their own well being.
The people controlling the economy is not required for socialism and the stepping
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Really? Engels:
âoeThe state, then, has not existed from all eternity. There have been societies that did without it, that had no idea of the state and state power. At a certain stage of economic development, which was necessarily bound up with the split of society into classes, the state became a necessity owing to this split. We are now rapidly approaching a stage in the development of production at which the existence of these classes not only will have ceased to be a necessity, but will become a positive hindrance to production. They will fall as they arose at an earlier stage. Along with them the state will inevitably fall. Society, which will reorganize production on the basis of a free and equal association of the producers, will put the whole machinery of state where it will then belong: into a museum of antiquities, by the side of the spinning-wheel and the bronze axe."
All socialists are agreed that the political state, and with it political authority, will disappear as a result of the coming social revolution, that is, that public functions will lose their political character and will be transformed into the simple administrative functions of watching over the true interests of society.
Marx:
The state is based on this contradiction. It is based on the contradiction between public and private life, between universal and particular interests. For this reason, the state must confine itself to formal, negative activities
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1. government directed economy: check
2. centralized identification and tracking policies for citizens: check
3. newspeak style propaganda: check
This admittedly short list could describes and forms the pragmatic and operational basis of both the nazis and soviets (and america, too, more and more unfortunately). really, what is the difference? just about ALL governments claim to be for liberty and justice. very few (if any) actually get there. The grandeur of power damages all but the most wise of leadershi
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There's a psychological scale known as Right Wing Authoritarianism [wikipedia.org]. Essentially the test boils down to two questions--
How Xenophobic are you?
How strong does the state have to be to assuage your xenophobia?
Of course, the questions are many, and usually asked in a less direct fashion. Interestingly, Communists in the Soviet Union tended to score as Right Wing Authoritarians. Internationalism may have died a early death. In any case, Mao took a decidedly different path.
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Communist are far left, but a joke party here and not at all a normal left party. Nazi is a rightist fascist party. The liberal party is a joke as well, it too supports authoritarianism. Leftism does not mean authoritarianism, Neoconservativism for instance is a rightist authoritarian ideology.
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It seems that the lessons of Reaganism need to be relearnt by each succeeding generation. According to the Kirkpatrick Doctrine [wikipedia.org] a right wing dictator is authoritarian (good), while a left wing dictator is totalitarian (bad). I think the difference may have something to do with theism, but I'm not entirely sure.
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Most Communists and Socialists nowadays are localists. Their attitude is that the real central authority in Washington is the one that allows the wealthy to avail themselves of state violence in order to protect property, and that private property cannot exist without constant and pervasive shows of police power -- which is true, and how you feel about communism and anarcho-syndicalism generally depends on how you feel about this.
The United States doesn't have a Liberal party, and most liberal parties in t
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Re:A Dangerous, Slppery Slope (Score:4, Insightful)
If I had to guess, I'd say that it's a way to keep the Tea Party from splitting the Republican vote. The guy probably figures that, as it stands, those who would want to vote for a far right candidate would end up costing a more mainstream Republican the election because they can't approve of both candidates. With a system like this, they could.
However, you can get other interesting outcomes. Suppose, for example, that you had an independent, centrist candidate that many people liked but that they were afraid to vote for because they aren't sure he can win. Currently, they'd likely hold their noses and vote for the major party that they object least to, figuring that, at least that way, the party they dislike most won't win. With a system like the one proposed, the independent candidate would stand a better chance because people could vote both for him and a major party candidate as a fallback position.
Re:A Dangerous, Slppery Slope (Score:5, Interesting)
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I don't think asking people to plan their career and financial lives so that they can afford to take a couple of months off once a year for a few years of their life is too much to ask of most people. Do we really want people running our local government who are so bad off with their money/career that they can't afford two months off for a few years of t
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With no salary, NH has decided that only the rich, self or semi-self employed, or retired can hold office.
I really don't see anything to look up to in a system like that. The state ought to pay their representatives the state's median-salary wage for the months they meet, and require that there be a job available at the end of that time for anyone who has to take a leave of absence to serve.
I've got several friends who are state reps. One works in Retail at a Verizon store. Not rich. Fully employed. Still works at least 40 hours a week. Retail job (7 day potential + night availability) means he has been able to work things out just fine. Another is a full time paid EMT. Similar situation. Another owns a bar so you are correct on the self-employed in that account. I don't know any that are rich (one of my previous local reps probably fell into that category, but she was thankfully booted out la
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Both you (marking 1 candidate) and the guy next to you (marking several), both get the same number of potntial votes to cast. You just opt not to cast them all (which isn't a bad thing). Otherwise, right now, you could claim that two people voting are unequal if one votes in every possible category available while the other skips school board elections and other "too small to bother with" positions.