Flight 4590 Didn't Kill the Concorde; Costs Did 403
pigrabbitbear writes "If the plane were around today — which some still fantasize about — it'd be like powering a stretch Hummer with dolphin blood. The airlines couldn't sell enough tickets on the small plane to even make up for the amount of fuel it needed to guzzle on its journeys, let alone cover maintenance for the technological marvel. (A Concorde's taxi to the end of a runway used as much fuel as a 737's flight from London to Amsterdam.) Customers were fine with ordinary travel times for a fraction of the airfare and the plane only took transatlantic journeys, because going over land was too disturbing. Too much noise."
Oh Boeing... (Score:1, Interesting)
Stop that right now. The "Too noisy" meme was started by Boeing to hurt sales of the Concorde, and it worked. You're still repeating it to this day.
A Concorde going overhead at around 1000 feet and normal cruising speed is no more noisy than a normal jet. It's the afterburners that are loud (REALLY VERY LOUD) and those are only used at take-off.
The Concorde had a LONG history of failures (Score:4, Interesting)
Tyre explosions and damage were quite common, due to the high takeoff and landing speed of the plane, and the unfortunately placed landing gear location in the wing. Pieces of tyre would damage the wing.
The Russians noticed this was a serious problem so they completely redesigned their Tu-144 and relocated the wheel wells in the engine nacelles. The engines were much harder to damage because of all the titanium, so a tire explosion wouldn't cause a disastrous failure.
Re:Old tech, poor efficiency (Score:4, Interesting)
Thanks, but no thanks. I'm holding out for my suborbital scramjet.
This is the backwards era (Score:5, Interesting)
We live in an era where we shy back from the edge achieved in the past. Air transport speeds have stagnated around mach 0.9, the top speed at Indianapolis was recorded more than a decade ago, and the optimistic plan for a return to the moon has three times the development time of the original flight. Between tendencies to ensure that we don't do anything that could fail and to form a bureaucracy to hide behind if it does, this century's progress in the peak of human achievement will far lag that of the last.
Re:Oh Boeing... (Score:4, Interesting)
There's at least one video on YouTube of it taking off and setting off car alarms at Heathrow. Night too, so you can see the afterburners.
Given the cruising speed was Mach 2, I suspect at 1,000 feet it was probably a fair bit louder than a regular jet. Briefly. Also given Israel has actually used sonic booms as the basis for a form of psychological warfare, I suspect it would be plenty loud enough to wind people up.
Bald assertions do not make facts. (Score:5, Interesting)
The article on which the submission was based simply stated it used too much fuel.
This was a quote from another article.
Yes, it used a lot of fuel, however at the time of the accident, the fuel and other costs were handily made up by the ticket prices. Every flight was full as I understand it.
Could concorde substitute in the low-cost carrier role - of course not.
Did it have a profitable (after writing off development costs) buisness going forward - yes, as long as the planes remained in good order.
Was it possible that at some point in the future that they would no longer be able to fill the seats - sure.
For a truly niche service, for the very rich, I question that they wouldn't be able to fill the seats at prices enough to pay all the costs now.
Re:Seriously? (Score:3, Interesting)
Actually what killed Concord was that we have to be at the airport two hours before the flight and that it takes three hours to get to a transcontinental hub. The terrorists killed rapid transport, they won and we live in a terrified world ruled by health and safety lawyers. Enjoy your cotton wool.
Re:Oh Boeing... (Score:2, Interesting)
Given the cruising speed was Mach 2, I suspect at 1,000 feet it was probably a fair bit louder than a regular jet.
When I lived in the UK, jets from Heathrow would often fly over my house a few minutes after takeoff. Concorde was the only one I could hear from inside the house, and the usual result was a lot of people stepping out into their garden to watch it go past.
Re:Oh Boeing... (Score:4, Interesting)
Then a controlled dive [wikipedia.org] could eliminate the need for afterburners completely.
Re:Oh Boeing... (Score:4, Interesting)
Let us suppose,just for a moment, that Concorde flew from New York to Los Angeles-- a route that they were forbidden from due to hysteria over noise. The implication of your comment is that Concorde could easily avoid disturbing the populace between New York and Los Angeles by limiting its flight path to the oceans between New York and Los Angeles-- which do not exit, despite the efforts of Francisco de Ulloa [wikipedia.org]
Comments have context.
Re:Oh Boeing... (Score:5, Interesting)
Noise wasn't the only issue - it's just the only issue to have survived in the public consciousness.
The other issue was range, or more accurately the lack thereof. Back in the 60's, what the airlines wanted was range and carrying capacity - and attempting to provide that drove the costs of the US supersonic effort through the roof. Boeing especially wanted a piece of the growing trans-Pacific market, and took it very hard when it became clear that no practical supersonic aircraft was every going to be anything but a "small trans-Atlantic taxi". (The last quote come from a retired Boeing engineer I used to know.)
Re:Problem: Speed doesn't really save much time. (Score:5, Interesting)
By air: 1h 30m in the air, plus be at the airport 1h before departure, plus spend 15m retrieving your luggage. Total time: 2h 45m. Average airfare: $83.60 one-way, according to gofox.com.
By Amtrak: 16h on the train, plus be at the station 30m before departure. Total time: 16h 30m. $145.
So it isn't quite as bad as you claim. But I agree, it's still not a very efficient way to travel.
For fun, let's add another potential option: high speed rail. 3h 45m, $69.40 one-way, and you can use your laptop and cell phone the whole time, and get up and walk around whenever you want, and there's even a restaurant car. Would you ride it?
Re:Old tech, poor efficiency (Score:5, Interesting)
Material science, computer modelling, automated assembly, and engine efficiency have, however. There are also some common-sense things, like the fact that you'd have gotten 2% better fuel economy on Concorde just by towing the damned thing to the runway instead of having it taxi under its own power. Today you might just have some auxiliary system for that, such as an electric motor in the landing gear wheel to handle taxiing or something. There are a whole bunch of vectors on which we could do better today. The biggest is probably weight. We could build a similar aircraft that was substantially lighter today. The aerodynamics can also be better, since we can model this better today. Heck, even the Tu-144 was more aerodynamic and it was from the same era.
Do you honestly think that they got everything absolutely perfect the first time around when they designed this thing in the late 50s, and that there is no room for improvement whatsoever?
Re:Oh Boeing... (Score:3, Interesting)
Re:Oh Boeing... (Score:5, Interesting)
Actually the Concorde had very good range for the type of plane that it was. The engines only needed reheat to bring it to cruise speed, then the reheat was shut off. During that part of the Concorde's flight regime, the Olympus engines were among the most efficient jet engines ever built, even today. All engines have an optimal operating range, and for the Concorde, since it was a supersonic airliner, that was at high altitudes and in the Mach 2 range.
The Concorde didn't even really need reheat to go supersonic, it just needed them to go supersonic in a short enough time to make the flight worthwhile. There is no point taking the Concorde if you are 2/3rds of the way across the atlantic before you hit the speed of sound.
Now as to what killed the plane? In terms of its market, two things mainly:
1) The oil crisis and the cost of fuel.
2) The pollutants were found to be ozone depleting. Now with the number of planes that were eventually made, that really didn't make much of a difference, but if the plane was built in much larger numbers then the environmental impact would have been much more significant.
Now the oil crisis had an impact, the regulatory issue of not being able to go supersonic until the plane was outside the territorial limits of the US and the UK did play a role in that, but that was more of a compounding factor than a critical one.
Once the decision was made to only make the 13 units, and the fixed cost investment was written off by the two governments, the planes were generally profitable. Yes that is accounting tricks because the fixed investment was taken off the books, but from an operational perspective, they weren't a drain on the airlines that operated them.
What forced them to be taken out of service? That was a regulatory thing. The successor manufacturer and the holder of the certificate of air worthiness (airbus) decided not to keep that up to date. So really neither Air France nor British Airways had a choice in the matter. Once the certificate expired, they couldn't fly the plane anymore.
Re:Oh Boeing... (Score:4, Interesting)
Have you heard of The Capital Gate in Abu Dhabi? [wikipedia.org]
Now there's something built, Just Because We Can!(tm)
It's the world's "most crooked tower" with it's top floor overhanging the bottom floor by more than 100 feet. It's an astonishing building with a design of little practical value, and a lot of wasted space. It's core was built tilted in the opposite direction of the current tilt, then the shell was built and pulled the core straight leaving a huge 80 story tall atrium in the tower. While a gorgeous building, It's one strange customer.
Re:Oh Boeing... (Score:3, Interesting)
My school was in the noise-abatement area near Heathrow. Naturally it was pretty well soundproofed. You could tell Concorde when it was flying over, but it wasn't much louder than other aircraft were then (they are generally quieter now). One day we heard an almighty roar, so loud that in our soundproofed classrooms we couldn't hear the teacher talk.
One the news later we found out what had happened. At Heathrow aircraft come in to land in a line of three. The plane landing before Concorde had suffered undercarriage damage and was stuck on the runway. Concorde was instructed to perform an emergency fly-over. During a normal take-off and landing Concorde had to throttle down to 30% thrust over the noise-abatement areas. I don't understand why, but something about the trim and positioning of Concorde during descent meant that to pull out of the landing path it had to use full afterburners over our school. Kids who were outside doing sports told me it was awesome, they had to put their hands over their ears because it actually hurt!